瀝青路面施工方法有那些？

　　What are the construction methods for asphalt pavement?

　　瀝青路面分類：瀝青路面的瀝青類結(jié)構(gòu)層本身，屬于柔性路面范疇，但其基層除柔性材料外，也可采用剛性的水泥混凝土，或半剛性的水硬性材料。

　　Asphalt pavement classification: The asphalt structural layer of asphalt pavement itself belongs to the category of flexib

　　瀝青路面有多種分類方法，按集料種類不同分為：瀝青砂、瀝青土、瀝青碎(礫)石混合料等；按瀝青材料品種不同分為：石油瀝青路面、煤瀝青路面、天然瀝青路面和渣油路面。但較普遍的分類方法是按其施工方法、技術(shù)品質(zhì)和使用特點(diǎn)分為：瀝青混凝土路面、廠拌瀝青碎石路面、瀝青貫入式路面、路拌瀝青碎（礫）石混合料路面和瀝青表面處治路面。

　　There are various classification methods for asphalt pavement, which are classified according to different types of aggregates: asphalt sand, asphalt soil, asphalt gravel mixture, etc; According to the different types of asphalt materials, they are divided into petroleum asphalt pavement, coal asphalt pavement, natural asphalt pavement, and residual oil pavement. But the more common classification methods are based on their construction methods, technical quality, and usage characteristics: asphalt concrete pavement, factory mixed asphalt gravel pavement, asphalt penetration pavement, road mixed asphalt gravel mixture pavement, and asphalt surface treatment pavement.

　　瀝青混凝土路面 由適當(dāng)比例的各種不同大小顆粒的集料、礦粉和瀝青，加熱到一定溫度后拌和，經(jīng)攤鋪壓實(shí)而成的路面面層。

　　Asphalt concrete pavement is a pavement surface layer made by heating various particles of different sizes, mineral powder, and asphalt in appropriate proportions, mixing them at a certain temperature, and then paving and compacting them.

　　① 碾壓式。瀝青混凝土混合料多用熱拌熱鋪法制備，其路用性質(zhì)比較好，故對(duì)制備工藝和原材料要求也較高，大多采用集中廠拌法。用得較普遍的瀝青混凝土混合料為碾壓式類型，即混合料需經(jīng)重型機(jī)械壓實(shí)后才能成型，故有的國(guó)家稱它為碾壓式地瀝青。成型以后路面平整、密實(shí)、少塵，有一定粗糙性，因而有較好的行車舒適性和外觀；且有較好的耐老化性、耐磨性、溫度穩(wěn)定性和抗行車損壞的能力。使用壽命一般較長(zhǎng)，當(dāng)采用石油瀝青作結(jié)合料時(shí)，大修年限常在15年以上。

　　① Rolling type. Asphalt concrete mixture is mostly prepared by hot mixing and hot paving method, which has good road properties. Therefore, the preparation process and raw material requirements are also high, and most of them adopt centralized factory mixing method. The commonly used asphalt concrete mixture is the roller compacted type, which means that the mixture needs to be compacted by heavy machinery before it can be formed. Therefore, some countries call it roller compacted asphalt. After forming, the road surface is smooth, dense, and less dusty, with a certain roughness, thus providing good driving comfort and appearance; And it has good aging resistance, wear resistance, temperature stability, and resistance to driving damage. The service life is generally long, and when using petroleum asphalt as a binder, the overhaul period is often over 15 years.

　　② 冷鋪式。瀝青混凝土熱拌冷鋪,有的國(guó)家也稱為冷地瀝青，常用于養(yǎng)護(hù)小修或需遠(yuǎn)距離輸送混合料的工程，所用瀝青比熱拌熱鋪者為稀，用量亦較少，以求在常溫時(shí)有適當(dāng)?shù)乃缮⒍群驼承裕涫褂脡勖患盁岚锜徜佌摺?/p>

　　② Cold laid style. Asphalt concrete hot mix and cold paving, also known as cold ground asphalt in some countries, is commonly used for maintenance, minor repairs, or projects that require long-distance transportation of mixtures. The asphalt used is thinner than that of hot mix and cold paving, and the amount used is also less, in order to have appropriate looseness and viscosity at room temperature, but its service life is not as long as that of hot mix and hot paving.

　　③ 攤鋪式。熱拌熱鋪的瀝青混凝土混合料可以不用重型機(jī)械壓實(shí)即能成型，常稱作攤鋪地瀝青。為了使攤鋪地瀝青混合料在攤鋪時(shí)有適當(dāng)流動(dòng)性，能通過(guò)輕度的搗實(shí)和墁平即可密實(shí)，在混合料中要求有較多瀝青和礦粉的混合物，即瀝青膠泥，其強(qiáng)度主要依靠瀝青膠泥的粘結(jié)力。

　　③ Spread type. Hot mixed and hot laid asphalt concrete mixture can be formed without the need for heavy machinery to compact, often referred to as pavement asphalt. In order to ensure appropriate fluidity of the asphalt mixture during paving, it can be compacted by mild compaction and smoothing. A mixture of asphalt and mineral powder, namely asphalt binder, is required in the mixture, and its strength mainly depends on the bonding strength of the asphalt binder.

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